mancala/apps/backend/src/main/java/app/playmancala/Backend.java

package app.playmancala;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.SplittableRandom;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.eclipse.microprofile.config.inject.ConfigProperty;
import org.jboss.logging.Logger;

import app.playmancala.auth.TokenVerifier;
import app.playmancala.bot.BotPlayer;
import app.playmancala.game.GameClockScheduler;
import app.playmancala.game.GameManager;
import app.playmancala.game.GameRecorder;
import app.playmancala.game.GameStore;
import app.playmancala.game.LiveGames;
import app.playmancala.game.MatchMaker;
import app.playmancala.history.GameHistoryService;
import app.playmancala.history.Migrations;
import app.playmancala.history.PostgresGameHistoryRepository;
import app.playmancala.live.ValkeyCache;
import app.playmancala.live.ValkeyLiveGameStore;
import app.playmancala.loop.GameLoop;
import app.playmancala.rtmt.RtmtServer;
import io.quarkus.redis.datasource.RedisDataSource;
import io.quarkus.runtime.Startup;
import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;
import jakarta.annotation.PreDestroy;
import jakarta.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
import jakarta.inject.Inject;

// Builds the backend from the infrastructure Quarkus provides and starts it (docs/specs/quarkus-backend, Startup).
@Startup
@ApplicationScoped
public class Backend {
    private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(Backend.class);
    private static final long MIGRATION_RETRY_MS = 30_000;
    private static final long VALKEY_STARTUP_WAIT_MS = 5_000;

    @Inject
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Inject
    RedisDataSource redis;

    @Inject
    TokenVerifier tokenVerifier;

    @ConfigProperty(name = "mancala.auth.legacy-userkey-auth")
    String legacyUserKeyAuth;

    @ConfigProperty(name = "mancala.game-clock-ms")
    long gameClockMs;

    // 0: half the processors.
    @ConfigProperty(name = "mancala.bot-search-threads")
    int botSearchThreads;

    private GameLoop loop;
    // Valkey writes, in order.
    private ExecutorService storeWriter;
    // Migrations and saving finished games.
    private ScheduledExecutorService recorderIo;
    // Token checks.
    private ExecutorService verifier;
    // Working out the bot's moves.
    private ExecutorService botSearch;

    private RtmtServer rtmt;
    private GameStore gameStore;
    private GameManager gameManager;
    private LiveGames liveGames;
    private GameHistoryService history;
    private GameClockScheduler clockScheduler;

    @PostConstruct
    void start() {
        loop = new GameLoop();
        storeWriter = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(Thread.ofPlatform().name("valkey-writer").daemon().factory());
        recorderIo = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(Thread.ofPlatform().name("game-recorder").daemon().factory());
        verifier = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor();
        int searchThreads = botSearchThreads > 0 ? botSearchThreads
                : Math.max(1, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() / 2);
        botSearch = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(searchThreads,
                Thread.ofPlatform().name("bot-search-", 0).daemon().factory());

        ValkeyLiveGameStore liveGameStore = new ValkeyLiveGameStore(redis);
        PostgresGameHistoryRepository repository = new PostgresGameHistoryRepository(dataSource);
        GameRecorder recorder = new GameRecorder(repository, liveGameStore, recorderIo);
        history = new GameHistoryService(repository, new ValkeyCache(redis), recorder::getUnsaved);
        recorder.onSaved(history::onGameSaved);

        // Exactly "true", like the Node backend.
        rtmt = new RtmtServer(tokenVerifier, "true".equals(legacyUserKeyAuth), loop, verifier,
                RtmtServer.DEFAULT_AUTH_TIMEOUT_MS);
        gameStore = new GameStore();
        gameManager = new GameManager(gameStore, rtmt, new MatchMaker(rtmt), liveGameStore, recorder, storeWriter,
                loop::now, gameClockMs);
        liveGames = new LiveGames(rtmt, gameStore, gameManager, loop);
        new BotPlayer(gameManager, gameStore, loop, botSearch, new SplittableRandom());
        clockScheduler = new GameClockScheduler(gameManager::endGamesOutOfTime, loop,
                GameClockScheduler.CLOCK_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS);

        // The game runs without the database; saved games wait in the recorder until migrations have run.
        recorderIo.execute(this::migrate);
        recorderIo.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> guarded(recorder::retryPending), 0, GameRecorder.RETRY_INTERVAL_MS,
                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        // The first task on the loop, so socket events queue behind it and reconnecting players find their games.
        loop.execute(() -> {
            waitForValkey();
            gameManager.restoreLiveGames();
            clockScheduler.start();
            rtmt.start();
        });
    }

    @PreDestroy
    void stop() {
        loop.close();
        storeWriter.shutdown();
        recorderIo.shutdownNow();
        verifier.shutdownNow();
        botSearch.shutdownNow();
    }

    private void migrate() {
        try {
            Migrations.run(dataSource);
        } catch (SQLException | RuntimeException e) {
            LOG.errorf("(DB) Migrations failed, retrying in %ds: %s", MIGRATION_RETRY_MS / 1000, e.getMessage());
            recorderIo.schedule(this::migrate, MIGRATION_RETRY_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        }
    }

    private void waitForValkey() {
        long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + VALKEY_STARTUP_WAIT_MS;
        while (true) {
            try {
                redis.execute("PING");
                return;
            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                if (System.currentTimeMillis() >= deadline) {
                    LOG.error("(Valkey) Not reachable yet; starting without restoring live games");
                    return;
                }
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(250);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                return;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void guarded(Runnable task) {
        try {
            task.run();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            LOG.error("(Backend) Task failed", e);
        }
    }

    public GameLoop loop() {
        return loop;
    }

    public RtmtServer rtmt() {
        return rtmt;
    }

    public GameStore gameStore() {
        return gameStore;
    }

    public GameManager gameManager() {
        return gameManager;
    }

    public LiveGames liveGames() {
        return liveGames;
    }

    public GameHistoryService history() {
        return history;
    }

    public TokenVerifier tokenVerifier() {
        return tokenVerifier;
    }

    public boolean legacyUserKeyAuth() {
        return "true".equals(legacyUserKeyAuth);
    }
}